1.02 ยท Practice ready Type II / Class II endings 0 of 10 lessons complete
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Lesson 6 of 10

First-person consonant alternations

Recognise that the я form may have a different stem consonant from the rest of the Type II paradigm.

Many Type II verbs alternate specifically in the я form, as in любить → люблю beside любишь. These are lexical paradigm facts.

  • Do not force a single modern spelling rule to generate every alternation.
  • Store the я form with the infinitive for non-transparent verbs.
  • Other person forms may preserve the unalternated consonant.
Mini-check

How should люблю beside любишь be learned?

Why this happens

Historical palatalisation, an older pattern in which a consonant changed near a front-vowel or y-like sound, helps explain many alternations. You do not need that history to form the verb: learn its verified principal forms.

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