Multiple means and channels
Plural instrumental can enumerate tools, vehicles, media, body parts, or repeated means.
- Plural is chosen because more than one entity is intended, not because instrumental itself implies multiplicity.
| Means | Example | Number meaning |
|---|---|---|
| tools | писа́ть цветны́ми карандаша́ми | several pencils |
| vehicles | е́хать ско́рыми поезда́ми | multiple journeys/trains |
| media | обменя́ться электро́нными пи́сьмами | emails as means/items |
| body parts | держа́ть обе́ими рука́ми | two hands |
| methods | реша́ть ра́зными спо́собами | different methods |
Read the model
3.12 · Multiple means and channels · table 1
tools · писа́ть цветны́ми карандаша́ми · several pencilsvehicles · е́хать ско́рыми поезда́ми · multiple journeys/trainsMini-check
Build: write with new pens. Build: solve by different methods.
Apply this next
- Say the Russian examples aloud, cover the model, and retrieve the pattern once before continuing.